líhécí
Separable verbs (离合词)
Separable verbs (离合词) look like single verbs but are actually verb+object compounds that can be split. Common examples: 见面 (meet), 睡觉 (sleep), 游泳 (swim), 帮忙 (help), 唱歌 (sing). You cannot add a direct object to them — use 跟/和 instead. They CAN be split to insert duration, frequency, or other elements.
核心例句
我们上次见面是什么时候？
Wǒmen shàng cì jiànmiàn shì shénme shíhou?
When did we last meet?
HSK 2
HSK 2
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3 个结构
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10 个练习
课程摘要
Separable verbs (离合词) look like single verbs but are actually verb+object compounds that can be split. Common examples: 见面 (meet), 睡觉 (sleep), 游泳 (swim), 帮忙 (help), 唱歌 (sing). You cannot add a direct object to them — use 跟/和 instead. They CAN be split to insert duration, frequency, or other elements.
**1. What are separable verbs?** Separable verbs (离合词) are verb-object compounds (V+O) that look and feel like a single verb, but their two parts can be pulled apart. For example: 见面 = 见 (to see) + 面 (face/person). Because the object is already built in, extra grammar elements must go INSIDE the compound, not after it.
**2. Why they're special — no direct object allowed:** Because the second character is already the object, you CANNOT attach another object after the whole compound. *我见面她 is wrong. To say WHO you are meeting, use 跟 or 和 BEFORE the verb: 我跟她见面 (I meet with her), 我跟朋友游泳 (I swim with my friend).
**3. Inserting elements between V and O:** - Aspect particles: 见过面 (have met), 睡着觉 (fell asleep), 洗了澡 (bathed) - Duration: 睡了八个小时的觉 (slept for 8 hours); the pattern is V + 了 + duration + 的 + O - Frequency: 见了几次面 (met a few times), 游了三次泳 (swam three times) - Pronoun object: 帮了我的忙 (helped me) — pronoun goes between V and O with 的
**4. Reduplication of separable verbs:** To express a light, casual tone ("let's just meet up"), you reduplicate ONLY the verb part, NOT the whole compound: 见见面 (NOT 见面见面), 睡睡觉 (NOT 睡觉睡觉), 游游泳 (NOT 游泳游泳).
**5. Common separable verbs:** 见面 (meet), 睡觉 (sleep), 游泳 (swim), 帮忙 (help), 唱歌 (sing), 跑步 (run), 洗澡 (bathe), 毕业 (graduate), 结婚 (marry), 离婚 (divorce), 生气 (get angry), 散步 (take a walk)
**6. When split with duration, 的 is optional but common:** 游了三个小时泳 and 游了三个小时的泳 are both acceptable, but 的 is more natural in spoken Chinese.
**7. Comparison with regular V+O:** 喝茶 is NOT a separable verb — 茶 is a free object, so 我喝了茶 and 我喝了一杯茶 are both fine. But 见面 IS separable — 面 is a bound morpheme that cannot stand alone as a free object.
语法句型
Subject + 跟/和 + Person + Separable Verb (to express WHO the action involves)
To specify the person involved in a separable verb action, use 跟 or 和 before the verb. Never place a person-object directly after the separable verb.
我想跟你见面。
Wǒ xiǎng gēn nǐ jiànmiàn.
I want to meet with you.
他每天跟同事一起跑步。
Tā měitiān gēn tóngshì yīqǐ pǎobù.
He runs with his colleagues every day.
她不想跟他见面，也不想跟他说话。
Tā bù xiǎng gēn tā jiànmiàn, yě bù xiǎng gēn tā shuōhuà.
She doesn't want to meet him or talk to him.
语法句型
Subject + Verb-part + 了 + duration + (的) + Object-part (split with duration)
To express how long a separable verb action lasted, split the compound and insert 了 + duration (+ 的) between V and O.
昨晚我睡了八个小时的觉。
Zuówǎn wǒ shuì le bā gè xiǎoshí de jiào.
Last night I slept for eight hours.
他游了三个小时的泳，累坏了。
Tā yóu le sān gè xiǎoshí de yǒng, lèi huài le.
He swam for three hours and was exhausted.
她今天跑了半个小时的步。
Tā jīntiān pǎo le bàn gè xiǎoshí de bù.
She jogged for half an hour today.
语法句型
Subject + Verb-part + 了 + frequency + Object-part, or Verb-part + 过 + Object-part (completed/experienced action)
Insert aspect particles (了/过) or frequency directly between V and O to express completed actions, experiences, or how many times something was done.
我们见过面，但我忘了他的名字。
Wǒmen jiànguo miàn, dàn wǒ wàng le tā de míngzi.
We have met before, but I forgot his name.
他今天帮了我的忙，我很感谢他。
Tā jīntiān bāng le wǒ de máng, wǒ hěn gǎnxiè tā.
He helped me today; I'm very grateful.
我们在咖啡馆见了两次面。
Wǒmen zài kāfēiguǎn jiàn le liǎng cì miàn.
We met at the café twice.
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