HSK7-9 Grammar

毋庸置疑 means “there is no doubt that.” It is formal and forceful, used when the speaker treats a conclusion as already certain.

不可否认 means “it cannot be denied that.” It acknowledges a fact before analysis, concession, or further argument.

显而易见 means “it is evident that.” It emphasizes that the conclusion can be seen clearly without complex proof.

不言而喻 means “it goes without saying.” It presents a truth as self-evident.

可想而知 means “one can imagine.” It is used after context that makes a degree, difficulty, or result easy to infer.

与其说 A，毋宁说 B means “rather than saying A, it is better to say B.” It is formal and literary.

尚且 A，何况 B means “even A..., let alone B.” It argues by comparison of degree.

纵然 A，也 B is a formal “even though/even if A, still B.” It has a literary and emphatic tone.

即便 A，亦 B is a highly written form of “even if A, still B.” 亦 is the literary equivalent of 也.

非但不 A，反倒 B means “not only did not A, but instead B.” It is formal and emphatic.

倘若 A，便 B is a formal written “if A, then B.” It is more literary than 如果...就....

若非 A，恐怕 B means “if not for A, I’m afraid B.” It is formal and often refers to avoiding a serious negative result.

一旦 A，势必 B means “once A happens, B will inevitably follow.” It is strong and formal.

只消 A，便 B means “all it takes is A, and B.” It is literary and close to 只要...就....

以致 means “resulting in.” It is formal and often introduces an undesirable consequence.

以至 means “to the extent that.” It can mark a result or extension of degree/range, not always negative.

乃至 means “even / and even to.” It extends the scope from A to a broader or stronger B.

乃至于 means “even to the point that.” It is followed by a clause and often marks a serious further development.

进而 means “and further.” It shows progression from one action/result to a deeper or higher-level result.

继而 means “subsequently / then.” It emphasizes temporal sequence between actions or stages.

从而…… means "thereby; thus". Use it with A，从而 B to express A leads to B as a result; thereby.

因而…… means "therefore; as a result". Use it with A，因而 B to express B happens because of the reason in A.

鉴于…… means "in view of; given". Use it with 鉴于 A，B to express make a decision or judgment based on A.

基于…… means "based on". Use it with 基于 A，B to express B is built on the basis of A.

出于…… means "out of; from". Use it with 出于 A，B to express B is done out of a motive, feeling, or consideration A.

本着…… means "in the spirit of; following". Use it with 本着 A，B to express act according to a principle, attitude, or spirit A.

凭借…… means "relying on; by virtue of". Use it with 凭借 A，B to express achieve B by relying on ability, resource, or advantage A.

依托…… means "relying on; supported by". Use it with 依托 A，B to express develop B with support from a platform, resource, or institution A.

着眼于…… means "focus on; with an eye to". Use it with 着眼于 A to express focus on a goal, perspective, or long-term consideration A.

立足于…… means "be grounded in; base oneself on". Use it with 立足于 A to express take A as the foundation or starting point.

致力于…… means "be committed to; devote oneself to". Use it with 致力于 A to express devote effort to a cause, task, or long-term goal A.

有赖于…… means "depend on; rely on". Use it with A 有赖于 B to express A depends on B as a necessary condition.

取决于…… means "depend on; be determined by". Use it with A 取决于 B to express A is determined by B.

归因于…… means "attribute to". Use it with A 归因于 B to express attribute A to cause B.

源于…… means "originate from; stem from". Use it with A 源于 B to express A originates from B.

始于…… means "begin with; start from". Use it with A 始于 B to express A begins at B or starts from B.

终究…… means "after all; ultimately". Use it with A 终究 B to express after all or in the end, B is the final reality.

趋于…… means "tend toward; move toward". Use it with A 趋于 B to express A gradually moves toward state B.

近乎…… means "almost; nearly". Use it with 近乎 A to express almost reaches the degree or state A.

堪称…… means "can be called; may be regarded as". Use it with 堪称 A to express deserve to be called A after evaluation.

堪比…… means "comparable to". Use 堪比 A to say something is comparable to A in quality, scale, or value.

足以…… means "enough to". Use 足以 A to show that a condition or degree is sufficient to do or prove A.

不至于…… means "not so serious as to; unlikely to". Use 不至于 A to say the situation will not reach an excessive or serious degree A.

无从…… means "have no way to". Use 无从 A to have no source, way, or basis to do A.

无须…… means "need not; no need to". Use 无须 A to say there is no need to do A.

无非是…… means "nothing more than". Use A 无非是 B to reduce A to merely B; nothing more than B.

未尝不可…… means "not a bad idea; may also be acceptable". Use A 未尝不可 to say an option is acceptable after consideration.

未免…… means "rather; somewhat too". Use 未免 A to criticize that something is a bit too A.

不免…… means "cannot help but; inevitably". Use 不免 A to say a feeling or situation naturally cannot be avoided.

难免…… means "hard to avoid; inevitably". Use 难免 A to say A is hard to avoid under certain conditions.

何尝不是…… means "is it not also; indeed is". Use A 何尝不是 B to use a rhetorical question to affirm that A is also B.

何尝不…… means "why would not; indeed do". Use A 何尝不 B to use a rhetorical question to affirm that A does B or has feeling B.

岂止是…… means "far more than just". Use A 岂止是 B to emphasize that A is more than just B.

岂不…… means "would it not; surely". Use A 岂不 B to use a rhetorical question to show B is obvious or expected.

何以…… means "how; why; by what means". Use 何以 A to ask for the reason or means in a formal way.

何必…… means "why bother; no need to". Use 何必 A to suggest something is unnecessary or not worth doing.

何不…… means "why not". Use 何不 A to make a suggestion: why not do A.

岂能…… means "how could; must not". Use 岂能 A to strongly deny that A is acceptable or possible.

岂非…… means "would that not be". Use A 岂非 B to rhetorically state that A would amount to B.

莫非…… means "could it be that; perhaps". Use 莫非 A to express a tentative guess, often with surprise or doubt.

未必……就…… means "not necessarily just because". Use A 未必就 B to deny an automatic conclusion from A to B.

不见得……就…… means "not necessarily; it does not follow that". Use A 不见得就 B to say A may not lead to B as people assume.

并不意味着…… means "does not mean that". Use A 并不意味着 B to state that A should not be interpreted as B.

这并不代表…… means "this does not represent/mean". Use 这并不代表 A to clarify that the previous fact should not be taken as A.

从……不难看出…… means "from ... it is not hard to see". Use 从 A 不难看出 B to draw an observable conclusion B from evidence A.

由此不难发现…… means "from this it is easy to find/notice". Use 由此不难发现，A to use previous facts to introduce an analytical finding A.

就……而言…… means "as far as ... is concerned". Use 就 A 而言，B to limit a statement B to the scope or aspect A.

在……意义上…… means "in the sense of". Use 在 A 意义上，B to explain B under a particular sense or interpretation A.

从……层面看…… means "from the ... level". Use 从 A 层面看，B to analyze B from a level or dimension A.

从……角度来看…… means "from the perspective of". Use 从 A 角度来看，B to state B from perspective A.

就……层面而言…… means "at the level of; in terms of the ... level". Use 就 A 层面而言，B to limit B specifically to the level A.

围绕……展开…… means "unfold around; develop around". Use 围绕 A 展开 B to develop discussion, work, or activity B around topic A.

针对……提出…… means "put forward ... in response to". Use 针对 A 提出 B to put forward a suggestion, measure, or plan B for problem A.

围绕……进行…… means "carry out ... around". Use 围绕 A 进行 B to carry out an action B around topic or object A.

针对……加以…… means "apply ... to; handle ... with". Use 针对 A 加以 B to take action B specifically toward problem A.

以……为切入点…… means "take ... as the entry point". Use 以 A 为切入点 B to start work or analysis B from entry point A.

以……为突破口…… means "take ... as the breakthrough point". Use 以 A 为突破口 B to use A as the key breakthrough to push B forward.

以……为依托…… means "use ... as support/base". Use 以 A 为依托 B to use A as the supporting base for B.

以……为抓手…… means "use ... as the handle/lever". Use 以 A 为抓手 B to use A as a concrete lever to promote B.

以……为纽带…… means "use ... as a link/bond". Use 以 A 为纽带 B to use A as a connecting bond to build or strengthen B.

把……置于……之中 means "place ... within ...". Use 把 A 置于 B 之中 to place an object within a larger context or framework for understanding.

将……纳入…… means "include ... into ...". Use 将 A 纳入 B to include A into a system, plan, scope, or framework B.

将……置于……之上 means "place ... above ...". Use 将 A 置于 B 之上 to give A higher priority than B.

将……转化为…… means "transform ... into ...". Use 将 A 转化为 B to turn A into a new form, result, or resource B.

被视作…… means "be regarded as". Use A 被视作 B to say A is regarded or treated as B.

被界定为…… means "be defined as". Use A 被界定为 B to state that A is formally defined as B.

被赋予…… means "be given/endowed with". Use A 被赋予 B to say A is given meaning, value, duty, or power B.

被寄予…… means "be entrusted with; have hopes placed on". Use A 被寄予 B to say hopes or expectations B are placed on A.

被冠以…… means "be labeled with; be given the title of". Use A 被冠以 B to say A is given a label, name, or title B.

不可避免地…… means "inevitably". Use 不可避免地 A to say A happens inevitably under the circumstances.

毫无疑问…… means "without doubt". Use 毫无疑问，A to introduce a confident judgment A.

不可思议的是…… means "what is unbelievable is". Use 不可思议的是，A to introduce a surprising or hard-to-believe fact A.

由此引发…… means "thereby trigger". Use A 由此引发 B to show that A triggers consequence, discussion, or reaction B.

由此带来…… means "thereby bring about". Use A 由此带来 B to show that A brings consequence, change, or effect B.

随之而来的是…… means "what follows is". Use 随之而来的是 A to introduce the next consequence that follows a previous change.

与之相伴的是…… means "what accompanies it is". Use 与之相伴的是 A to introduce something that accompanies the previous phenomenon.

在此基础上…… means "on this basis". Use 在此基础上，A to continue or develop A based on the previous foundation.

在此意义上…… means "in this sense". Use 在此意义上，A to state A under the interpretation just established.

在某种程度上…… means "to some extent". Use 在某种程度上，A to limit a judgment A to a certain degree.

从根本上说…… means "fundamentally speaking". Use 从根本上说，A to state the most fundamental explanation or judgment A.

从长远来看…… means "in the long run". Use 从长远来看，A to judge A from a long-term perspective rather than immediate results.

究其原因…… means "when investigating the reason". Use 究其原因，A to introduce the deeper cause A after a phenomenon.

归根到底还是…… means "in the final analysis, it is still". Use 归根到底还是 A to return to the most fundamental factor A after discussion.

问题不在于……而在于…… means "the problem is not ... but ...". Use 问题不在于 A，而在于 B to correct the focus by saying the real problem is B, not A.

关键不在于……而在于…… means "the key is not ... but ...". Use 关键不在于 A，而在于 B to shift attention from A to the truly decisive factor B.

与其追求……不如重视…… means "rather than pursue ..., it is better to value ...". Use 与其追求 A，不如重视 B to recommend valuing B over pursuing A.

宁可……也绝不…… means "would rather ... than ever ...". Use 宁可 A，也绝不 B to express a firm choice of A and absolute refusal of B.

不但没有……反而…… means "not only did not ..., but instead ...". Use 不但没有 A，反而 B to show that the result is opposite to the expected A and turns into B.

既非……亦非…… means "neither ... nor ...". Use 既非 A，亦非 B to deny both category A and category B in a formal way.

非……所能…… means "beyond what ... can ...". Use 非 A 所能 B to state that B is beyond the ability or scope of A.

并非……所致…… means "not caused by". Use A 并非 B 所致 to deny B as the cause of A.

并非没有……而是缺乏…… means "not that there is no ..., but that there lacks ...". Use 并非没有 A，而是缺乏 B to deny total absence of A and identify the real lack as B.

不应仅仅……更应…… means "should not merely ..., but should more ...". Use 不应仅仅 A，更应 B to argue that B is more important than merely doing A.

不能单纯……还要…… means "cannot simply ..., must also ...". Use 不能单纯 A，还要 B to say A alone is insufficient and B is also necessary.

尚不足以…… means "still not sufficient to". Use 尚不足以 A to say current evidence, condition, or degree is still insufficient for A.

尚难以…… means "still difficult to". Use 尚难以 A to say something is still difficult to do or judge at the current stage.

尚需…… means "still need". Use 尚需 A to state what still needs to be done or improved.

亟待…… means "urgently await/need". Use 亟待 A to say something urgently needs A.

有待…… means "remain to be; await". Use 有待 A to say something remains to be improved, confirmed, or solved.

不啻为…… means "nothing less than; tantamount to". Use 不啻为 A to strongly evaluate something as virtually A.

堪称是…… means "can truly be called". Use 堪称是 A to give a strong positive evaluation that something deserves the name A.

无异于…… means "be no different from". Use A 无异于 B to state that A is essentially the same as B, often in a serious judgment.

等同于…… means "be equivalent to". Use A 等同于 B to say A is equivalent to B in meaning, value, or effect.

形同…… means "be virtually like". Use A 形同 B to judge that A has practically become like B, often negative.

沦为…… means "degenerate into; be reduced to". Use A 沦为 B to describe A becoming a worse or lower-status thing B.

演变为…… means "evolve into". Use A 演变为 B to describe a gradual development from A into B.

转化为…… means "transform into". Use A 转化为 B to turn A into a new form, resource, or result B.

上升为…… means "rise to become; be elevated to". Use A 上升为 B to elevate A into a higher-level issue, principle, or strategy B.

落实到…… means "put into; implement in". Use A 落实到 B to make A concrete in specific action, detail, or level B.

诉诸…… means "resort to; appeal to". Use 诉诸 A to turn to a method, authority, force, or feeling A.

受制于…… means "be constrained by". Use A 受制于 B to say A is limited or controlled by condition B.

根植于…… means "be rooted in". Use A 根植于 B to say A has deep roots in culture, history, practice, or reality B.

植根于…… means "be rooted in". Use A 植根于 B to emphasize that A grows out of a deep foundation B.

贯穿于…… means "run through; permeate". Use A 贯穿于 B to say A runs through the whole process, system, or text B.

体现为…… means "be manifested as". Use A 体现为 B to say an abstract quality A appears as concrete form B.

落实为…… means "be implemented as". Use A 落实为 B to turn a principle, goal, or idea A into concrete measure B.

不外乎…… means "nothing beyond; no more than". Use A 不外乎 B to summarize A as no more than several possibilities B.

反映出…… means "reflect; reveal". Use A 反映出 B to say A reveals situation, attitude, or problem B.

折射出…… means "indirectly reveal; reflect". Use A 折射出 B to say A indirectly reveals a deeper social or psychological issue B.

显现出…… means "show; become visible". Use A 显现出 B to say A shows a visible trend, feature, or problem B.

彰显出…… means "highlight; demonstrate". Use A 彰显出 B to say A strongly demonstrates value, spirit, or quality B.

昭示着…… means "clearly indicate; proclaim". Use A 昭示着 B to say A clearly signals a principle, trend, or meaning B.

预示着…… means "foreshadow; indicate in advance". Use A 预示着 B to say A suggests a future development B.

标志着…… means "mark; signify". Use A 标志着 B to say A marks the beginning, completion, or milestone B.

象征着…… means "symbolize". Use A 象征着 B to say A symbolically represents meaning, value, or spirit B.

关乎…… means "concern; be related to". Use A 关乎 B to say A is closely and importantly related to B.

事关…… means "be a matter of; concern". Use A 事关 B to say A concerns an important outcome, principle, or interest B.

涉及…… means "involve; touch upon". Use A 涉及 B to say A involves or touches on scope, people, fields, or issues B.