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zhǔwèi jù èr: xíngróngcí wèiyǔ jù
Subject-predicate sentence with an adjectival predicate (主谓句2：形容词谓语句)
An adjectival-predicate sentence (形容词谓语句) uses an adjective or adjective phrase to describe the subject. In affirmative sentences, a degree adverb (很, 太, 真, 最) is required between the subject and the adjective — you cannot leave the adjective alone.
Contoh utama
房间很干净，外面太冷，这道菜真好吃——描述特点不用"是"，一个"很"就够了！
Fángjiān hěn gānjìng, wàimiàn tài lěng, zhè dào cài zhēn hǎochī — miáoshù tèdiǎn bú yòng 'shì', yí ge 'hěn' jiù gòu le!
The room is very clean, it's too cold outside, this dish is really delicious — describing qualities needs no 是, just 很 is enough!
HSK 1
HSK 1
1
1 struktur
10
10 latihan
Ringkasan pelajaran
Formula: Subject + 很/太/真/最 + Adjective (affirmative) | Subject + 不 + Adjective (negative). Meaning: describes what the subject is like. Key usage: ALWAYS use a degree adverb (很/太/真/最) in affirmative sentences; NEVER use 是 before the adjective. Model sentence: 这家餐厅的菜很好吃。(The food at this restaurant is delicious.) Bare adjective alone = sounds like comparison.
The adjectival-predicate sentence (形容词谓语句) describes what the subject is like. It is different from English because: 1. NO 是 before the adjective. Chinese says 天气很好, NOT 天气是好 and NOT 天气是很好. 2. In affirmative sentences, a degree adverb is REQUIRED: 很 (very/quite), 太 (too), 真 (really), 最 (most), 非常 (extremely). 3. A bare adjective in an affirmative sentence (天气冷, 她漂亮) sounds like a COMPARISON or an EXCLAMATION of surprise, not a neutral statement.
Affirmative: Subject + 很/太/真/最 + Adj → 房间很干净 (The room is clean) Negative: Subject + 不 + Adj → 今天不热 (Today is not hot) — no degree adverb needed with 不 Question: Subject + Adj + 吗？→ 天气好吗？(Is the weather good?)
When 很 is used in an affirmative adjectival sentence, it is often grammatically required, not emphatic. Think of 很 as a 'connector' between the subject and the adjective.
Common confusion: Learners often add 是 before adjectives (她是漂亮), or forget 很 in affirmative sentences (天气冷). Both are wrong.
Pola tata bahasa
Subject + degree/negative adverb + adjective
Describes what the subject is like. 很 is usually required in affirmative sentences; 不 is used for negation.
这家餐厅的菜很好吃。
Zhè jiā cāntīng de cài hěn hǎochī.
The food at this restaurant is delicious.
外面太冷了，我不想出去。
Wàimiàn tài lěng le, wǒ bù xiǎng chūqù.
It's too cold outside. I don't want to go out.
今天不。
是 cannot be used before an adjective predicate. Use degree adverbs (很/太/真) to connect subject and adjective.
A bare adjective in an affirmative sentence sounds like a comparison ('The weather is cold [compared to before]'). Add 很 for a neutral statement.
Isi bagian yang rumpang:
Jīntiān bú rè.
It is not hot today.
When using 不 for negation, no degree adverb is needed. 不热 is already a complete negation.