基础句型,学习语序、疑问句、否定句和日常需求表达。
语法进度
0%
48
语法点总数
0
学习中
已完成
本等级你将学习什么
按结构、拼音、本地化名称或简短说明搜索。
48/48 个语法点
Locative nouns (方位名词)
Locative words such as 上, 下, 里, and 前边 follow a noun to form a location phrase.
Modal verbs 会/能 (能愿动词:会、能)
会 expresses a learned ability; 能 expresses ability or permission/conditions that allow an action.
Modal verbs 想/要 (能愿动词:想、要)
想 expresses a wish or intention; 要 can express a stronger wish, need, or plan.
Interrogative pronouns (疑问代词)
Interrogative pronouns such as 谁, 什么, 哪儿, 几, 多少, and 怎么 stay in the position where the answer would appear.
Personal pronouns (人称代词)
Personal pronouns refer to the speaker, listener, or another person; 们 forms plural personal pronouns.
Demonstrative pronouns (指示代词)
这 points to something near, 那 points to something farther away; they also appear in 这里/那里 and 这些/那些.
Numerals (数词)
Numerals express quantity, order, or time; before a measure word, 两 is often used instead of 二.
Nominal measure words (名量词)
A measure word is normally placed between a numeral and a noun, such as 个, 本, 杯, 口, 家, or 块.
Degree adverbs (程度副词)
Degree adverbs such as 很, 非常, 太, 真, and 最 come before adjectives or some psychological verbs such as 喜欢.
Scope and joint-action adverbs (范围、协同副词)
都 covers all mentioned items or people; 一起 and 一块儿 mean doing an action together.
Time adverbs (时间副词)
Time adverbs such as 马上, 先, 有时, 在, 正, and 正在 indicate timing, order, or an ongoing action.
Frequency and repetition adverbs (频率、重复副词)
常 and 常常 indicate frequent actions; 再 indicates repetition or continuation in the future.
Linking adverbs 还/也 (关联副词)
也 means “also”; 还 can mean “still”, “also”, or “in addition” depending on context.
Negative adverbs (否定副词)
不 negates habits, present/future actions, or adjectives; 没/没有 negates 有 and completed actions; 别 gives a negative command.
Preposition 从 (介词:从)
从 introduces a starting point in time or space.
Preposition 在 (介词:在)
在 before a place tells where an action happens.
Prepositions 跟/和 (介词:跟、和)
跟 and 和 can introduce the person who does an action together with the subject or the person being interacted with.
Preposition 比 for comparison (介词:比)
比 is placed between two compared items, followed by an adjective that states the result of the comparison.
Connectors 跟/和/还是 (连接词或短语:跟、还是、和)
和 and 跟 connect items of the same type; 还是 connects choices in a question.
Structural particles 的/地 (结构助词:的、地)
的 links an attributive modifier to a noun; 地 links an adverbial modifier to a verb.
Aspect particle 了 (动态助词:了)
了 after a verb marks that an action has been completed in a specific context.
Sentence-final modal particles (语气助词:吧、了、吗、呢)
吧 softens a suggestion, 吗 forms yes-no questions, 呢 can ask back or mark an ongoing state, and sentence-final 了 marks a changed situation.
Number-measure phrases (数量短语)
A number-measure phrase consists of a numeral plus a measure word and can modify a noun or stand as a quantity phrase.
Subject (主语)
The subject is the person, object, or situation being talked about; it often comes before the predicate.
Predicate (谓语)
The predicate states the action, state, or feature of the subject.
Object (宾语)
The object is the person, thing, or content affected by or related to the verb.
Attributive modifier (定语)
An attributive modifier comes before a noun and gives information about that noun.
Adverbial modifier (状语)
An adverbial modifier comes before the predicate and describes manner, time, place, negation, or degree.
Subject-predicate sentence with a verbal predicate (主谓句1:动词谓语句)
A verbal-predicate sentence uses a verb or verb phrase as the predicate to describe what the subject does.
Subject-predicate sentence with an adjectival predicate (主谓句2:形容词谓语句)
An adjectival-predicate sentence uses an adjective or adjective phrase as the predicate to describe the subject.
Non-subject-predicate sentence (非主谓句)
A non-subject-predicate sentence lacks an explicit subject-predicate pair and is common in short responses, calls, notices, and natural phenomena.
Declarative sentence (陈述句)
A declarative sentence states information, describes something, or reports an event.
Interrogative sentence (疑问句)
An interrogative sentence asks for information, confirmation, a choice, or a yes-no judgment.
Imperative sentence (祈使句)
An imperative sentence gives a request, invitation, instruction, reminder, or prohibition.
Exclamatory sentence (感叹句)
An exclamatory sentence expresses strong feeling, often with 太...了 or 真....
The 是 sentence (“是”字句)
是 links the subject with a noun phrase for identification or introduction; 是...的 can emphasize a feature.
The 有 sentence 1 (“有”字句1)
有 expresses possession or existence; 没有 is its negative form.
Comparative sentence (比较句)
A comparative sentence uses 比 to say A is more than B in some quality, or 没有 to say A is not as much as B.
Coordinate compound sentence (并列复句)
A coordinate compound sentence joins two clauses with equal status or two actions happening in parallel.
Change-of-state aspect (变化态)
Sentence-final 了 often marks a change of state compared with before.
Completed-action aspect (完成态)
Completed-action aspect uses 了 after the verb to mark a completed action.
Progressive aspect (进行态)
在/正/正在 before a verb, or 呢 at the end of a sentence, can mark an action in progress.
Expressing money amounts (钱数表示法)
Spoken money amounts commonly use 块, 毛, and 分; 毛 can be omitted in forms such as 八块五.
Expressing time and dates (时间表示法)
Chinese time expressions usually go from larger units to smaller units: year, month, day, then hour and minute.
Asking questions with 吗 (用“吗”提问)
Add 吗 to the end of a declarative sentence to form a yes-no question.
Asking questions with interrogative pronouns (用疑问代词提问)
Use 什么, 谁, 哪儿, 怎么, 几, 多少, and similar words to ask for specific information without changing normal word order.
Choice questions with 还是 (用“还是”提问)
还是 connects two choices in a question and asks the listener to choose one.
Affirmative-negative questions (正反问句)
An affirmative-negative question places the affirmative and negative forms together to ask whether something is the case.